Greek fire was an incendiary weapon used by the Eastern Roman Empire beginning c. 672. Used to set fire to enemy ships, it consisted of a combustible compound emitted by a flame-throwing weapon. Some historians believe it could be ignited on contact with water, and was probably based on naphtha and … See more Usage of the term "Greek fire" has been general in English and most other languages since the Crusades, but original Byzantine sources called the substance a variety of names, such as "sea fire" (Medieval Greek: … See more General characteristics As Constantine Porphyrogennetos' warnings show, the ingredients and the processes of manufacture and deployment of Greek fire were … See more Although the destructiveness of Greek fire is indisputable, it did not make the Byzantine navy invincible. It was not, in the words of naval historian John Pryor, a "ship-killer" comparable to the naval ram, which, by then, had fallen out of use. While Greek fire … See more Incendiary and flaming weapons were used in warfare for centuries before Greek fire was invented. They included a number of sulfur-, petroleum-, and bitumen-based mixtures. Incendiary arrows and pots containing combustible substances surrounded by … See more The chief method of deployment of Greek fire, which sets it apart from similar substances, was its projection through a tube (siphōn), for use aboard ships or in sieges. Portable … See more In Paloma Recasens´s historical 2024 novel Sevilla antes de la Giralda, the Castilian army fabricates Greek Fire to use it in their crusade … See more • Fire ship • Ittar • List of Byzantine inventions • List of flamethrowers See more WebNov 14, 2024 · A Secret Formula. The invention of Greek Fire is credited to a Christian Greek named Kallinikos (aka Callinicus) who escaped to Constantinople from Muslim …
Chemical Formula - Definition, Types and Examples - Biology …
WebApr 17, 2024 · A chemical formula is a notation used by scientists to show the number and type of atoms present in a molecule, using the atomic symbols and numerical subscripts. A chemical formula is a simple representation, in writing, of a three dimensional molecule that exists. A chemical formula describes a substance, down to the exact atoms which … WebDec 25, 2024 · Even before the terrible Greek (Byzantine) fire was discovered, Emperor Athanasius I (491–518) used a chemical compound based on sulfur and lime in the naval battle that took place in 515... cics interview questions
Greek Fire - Lords and Ladies
WebNapalm is an incendiary mixture of a gelling agent and a volatile petrochemical (usually petrol or diesel fuel).The name is a portmanteau of two of the constituents of the original thickening and gelling agents: … WebSep 30, 2024 · The general fire chemical formula is: fuel + oxidant → → oxidized fuel elements + heat + light, in which oxidized means having lost electrons in a reaction. The term "oxidized" is named after ... WebJan 1, 1977 · This liquid is found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface. The Byzantines would have had easy access to crude oil from the naturally occurring wells around the Black Sea and/or in... cicsip